The acceleration of AMR is not accidental; it is primarily driven by human behaviour. The most significant factor is the overuse and misuse of antibiotics. In many countries, antibiotics are available without prescription, leading to their use for viral infections like the common cold, against which they are completely ineffective. In agriculture, an estimated 70% of all antibiotics sold globally are used in farm animals – not only to treat sick animals but also to promote growth and prevent disease in healthy livestock. This sub-therapeutic dosing creates a perfect breeding ground for resistant bacteria, which can then reach humans through the food chain, water run-off, and direct contact.
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Explanation: Paragraph E states: "We are entering what the World Health Organization has termed a 'post-antibiotic era'." This implies it is a future or beginning stage, not that it has "already begun in most countries."
If you're studying for the IELTS, would you like tips on time management for reading sections, or maybe more practice on True/False/Not Given questions? The acceleration of AMR is not accidental; it
The Growing Global Threat of Antibiotic Resistance: IELTS Reading Practice and Analysis
The economic and human toll of this phenomenon is escalating globally. Standard infections like pneumonia, tuberculosis, and salmonellosis are becoming increasingly difficult, and sometimes impossible, to treat. When first-line antibiotics fail, doctors must resort to toxic, expensive alternative therapies that require prolonged hospital stays. Medical experts warn that without coordinated global intervention, we face a "post-antibiotic era" where routine medical procedures and minor scrapes could once again become fatal.
Be comfortable with terms like return on investment , lucrative , subsidies , and incentivize . IELTS passages often blend the science of superbugs with the economics of drug development. In agriculture, an estimated 70% of all antibiotics
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The passage discusses the overuse of antibiotics and its consequences.
When penicillin became widely available during the Second World War, it was a medical miracle, rapidly vanquishing infected wounds, the biggest wartime killer. Discovered initially by French medical student Ernest Duchesne in 1896, then rediscovered by Scottish physician Alexander Fleming in 1928, Penicillium crippled many types of disease-causing bacteria. However, just four years after drug companies began mass-producing penicillin in 1943, microbes began appearing that could resist it. Share public link Explanation: Paragraph E states: "We
Found in Paragraph B. The text states that antimicrobial resistance occurs "when bacteria mutate or acquire resistance genes from other microorganisms." 8. self-medication
How bacteria replicate and spread through "horizontal gene transfer".
The text explicitly states that antibiotics in agriculture are administered "not to treat sickness, but to promote growth and prevent infections."
Governments have already successfully restricted antibiotic use in livestock worldwide. Answer Key and Explanations
Combating antibiotic resistance requires a coordinated, global response spanning multiple sectors, often referred to as a "One Health" approach, which recognizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health.